[Follow] Latest!Chinese citizen health literacy 66 (2024 edition) released
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Recently, in order to further improve the level of health literacy of the whole people and help the construction of health China, the National Health and Health Commission revised the “Chinese Citizen Health Literacy — Basic Knowledge and Skills (2015 Edition)”, forming “Chinese Citizen Health Quality -Basic Knowledge and Skills and Skills(2024 edition).Follow!
Chinese citizen health literacyIntersection
Basic knowledge and skills(2024 edition)
1. Basic knowledge and concept
1. Health is not just no disease or weakness, but a good state of physical, psychological and social adaptation.Prevention is the most effective and economical means to promote health.
2. Citizens ‘physical and mental health is protected by law, and everyone has the responsibility to maintain their own health and not harm others’ health.
3. Actively learn health knowledge, practice civilized and healthy lifestyles, and maintain and promote their own health.
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4. The environment is closely related to health, protects the environment, and promotes health.
5. Donation of blood free to help others.
6. Everyone should care, help, and do not discriminate against the disabled.
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7. Regular health examination.
8. Blood pressure, body temperature, breathing and heart rate are the four major vitality signs of the human body.
9. The source of infection, the transmission pathway, and the susceptible people are the three links of the epidemic of infectious diseases. It is responsible for preventing and controlling patients with infectious infection.
10. Children should be vaccinated in accordance with immune procedures after birth, and adults can also achieve the effect of preventing diseases by vaccination.
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11. AIDS, hepatitis B and hepatitis C spread through three ways of blood, sexual contact and mother and baby, and will not spread daily life and work contact.
12. Cough, sputum for more than 2 weeks, or blood with blood in sputum should be checked in time if you have tuberculosis; adhere to standardized treatment, most patients with tuberculosis can be cured.
13. Family dogs and cats should be vaccinated with rabies; after being caught and bitten by dogs and cats, they should be washed and disinfected immediately, and the rabies patients with rabies (or serum or monoclonal antibodies) and rabies patients and as soon as possible.People use rabies vaccine.
14. Mosquito, flies, mice, cockroaches, etc. will spread a variety of diseases.
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15. No processing, not eating sick and dead poultry.Do not hunt, do not buy, sell, do not contact, and do not eat wild animals.
16. Pay attention to changes in blood pressure and control the risk of hypertension. Patients with hypertension should do a good job of self -health management.
17. Pay attention to changes in blood sugar and control the risk factors of diabetes. Patients with diabetes must do a good job of self -health management.
18. Pay attention to lung function, control the risk of chronic lung blockage, and patients with slow pulmonary obstruction must do a good job of self -health management.
19. Actively participate in cancer screening and early detection of cancer and pre -cancer lesions.
20. Prevent osteoporosis and promote bone health.
21. Caring for the elderly, preventing the elderly fall, and identifying Alzheimer’s dementia.
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22. Caring for adolescents and women’s reproductive health, choose safe and appropriate contraceptive measures, prevent and reduce unwilling pregnancy, and protect fertility.
23. Workers have the right to protect occupational health in accordance with the law; workers must understand the harmful factors (such as dust, noise, toxic and harmful gases, etc.) in the job and working environment.damage.
24. Health food is not a medicine, and the proper health food is selected.
2. Healthy lifestyle and behavior
25. A variety of diseases are associated with weight. We must eat and balance, maintain healthy weight, and avoid overweight and obesity.
26. The diet should be mainly valley. Eat more vegetables, fruits and potatoes. Pay attention to the combination of vegetables and fruits, rough details, not partial eclipse, and not picky eaters.
27. The diet should be light, less salt, less oil, less sugar, and consume qualified iodized salt.
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28. Promote consumption of milk, soy sauce and its products every day, and consume the nuts in moderation.
29. Raw and cooked foods should be stored and processed separately. Eat fruits and fruits raw and wash.
30. Cherish food and not waste, and advocate hygiene of public chopsticks.
31. Pay attention to drinking water hygiene, drink enough water every day, do not drink or drink less sugary drinks.
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32. Scientific fitness, expensive insistence.Healthy adults should conduct medium intensity or 75-150 minutes of high -strength aerobic exercise per week per week, and 2 to 3 resistance training should be performed every week.
33. No smoking (including electronic cigarettes), smoking and second -hand smoke exposure can cause a variety of diseases.Electronic cigarettes contain a variety of harmful substances, which will harm health.
34. Tobacco dependence is a chronic addictive disease.The sooner the smoking smoking, the better.Any age quitting can be benefited, and professional smoking cessation services can be sought when quitting smoking.
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35. Drink less and don’t drink.
36. Pay attention to and maintain psychological health. When you encounter psychological problems, you should take the initiative to help.
37. Everyone may have anxiety and depression, and correctly understand anxiety and depression.
38. Promote early development of children through parent -child communication and play.Finding the development of psychological behavior should be seek medical treatment in time.
39. The combination of work and rest and living is frequent, ensuring adequate sleep.
40. Pay attention to personal hygiene, develop good hygiene habits, use disinfection products scientifically, and actively prevent infectious diseases.
41. Protective oral health, brush your teeth in the morning and evening, and rinse your mouth after meals.
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42. Scientific medical treatment, timely treatment, treatment of medical advice, and treating the results of diagnosis and treatment rationally.
43. Reasonable medication, oral muscle injection, muscle injection without infusion, and use anti -microbial drugs in accordance with doctors.
44. Use the doctor’s advice to use anesthesia drugs and psychotic drugs such as addictive drugs to prevent drug dependence.
45. Reject drugs.
46. Use sanitary toilets in rural areas to manage poultry and livestock manure.
47. Wear helmets and seat belts; do not speed, do not drunk, drive unimpeded, driving without fatigue; children use safety seats to reduce road traffic damage.
48. Strengthen care and education, prevent children’s drowning, and scientifically rescue drowning personnel.
49. Winter heating Pay attention to ventilation and beware of carbon monoxide poisoning.
50. Take the initiative to accept pre -marital and pre -pregnancy health care, age fertility. During pregnancy, you can accept prenatal examinations and pregnancy risk screening and evaluation, and hospital delivery.
51. After the child is born, breastfeeding should be started as soon as possible.
52. Young people should cultivate a healthy behavioral lifestyle. They should adhere to outdoor sports for more than 2 hours a day. They should master more than 1 exercise skills to prevent myopia, overweight and obesity, and avoid online addiction and premature sex.
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Third, basic skills
53. Pay attention to health information and can correctly obtain, understand, screen, and apply health information.
54. Read the food label and choose the pre -packaged food reasonably.
55. It will identify common hazardous logos and stay away from the dangerous environment.
56. Scientific management families commonly used drugs and read drug labels and instructions.
57. Measure pulse, weight, body temperature and blood pressure.
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58. When emergency medical assistance is needed, 120 emergency calls will be called.
59. Properly store and use pesticides correctly, beware of children’s contact.
60. Injurgically, the injured of the breathing and cardiac arrest will perform the cardiopulmonary resuscitation and learn to use the automatic vitro tremor (AED).
61. When traumatic bleeding occurs, hemostasis and bandaging will be performed; do not move freely for the wounded on the fracture.
62. The burns will be treated, and the airway foreign object will be discharged with the abdomen impact method.
63. When rescue the electric shock, you should first cut off the power and do not directly contact the electric shock.
64. When a building fire occurs, call the fire police call 119 to rescue himself and escape.
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65. When geological disasters and earthquakes such as landslides, collapse, mudslides, and earthquakes occur, choose the correct way to avoid risk avoidance and rescue themselves.
66. When a flood disaster occurs, choose the correct way of hedging and rescue themselves.
